![]() ![]() They cannot be fast charged on a conventional automotive charger or they may be permanently damaged. The advantage of these batteries is that it is impossible to spill acid even if they are broken - the disadvantage is that they must be charged at a slower rate (C/20) to prevent excess gas from damaging the cells. Gelled batteries, or "Gel Cells" contain acid that has been "gelled" by the addition of Silica Gel, turning the acid into a solid mass that looks like hard Jell-O. Nearly all AGM batteries are valve regulated. All gelled batteries are sealed and a few are "valve regulated", which means that a tiny valve keeps a slight positive pressure. These batteries may be standard or the so-called "maintenance free". "Sealed" batteries are not totally sealed - the actual name for them is "Valve Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries", or VRSLB, sometimes called VRLA, or "Valve Regulated Lead-Acid". Nearly all marine and many industrial batteries are sealed and may also be gelled, glass mat, and/or maintenance free. Many marine and RV batteries are "dual purpose" - these are deep cycle batteries that will also work as SLI batteries. Deep cycle batteries may not work well in automobiles because they are not designed to put out the massive power needed for startup. When discharged 80% and then recharged fully, deep cycle batteries can handle from a few hundred to 1000 complete cycles, where an automotive battery might be able to last for only 30 to 50 cycles. Automotive batteries can be severely damaged if heavily discharged a few times. The Antimony reduces gassing when these batteries are subjected to their normal very high charge and discharge rates.ĭeep cycle batteries are designed to put out 80% of their capacity time after time without damage. Most industrial deep-cycle batteries use Lead-Antimony plates rather than the Lead-Calcium used in most deep-cycle batteries. 04" (40/1000") thick, while forklift batteries may have plates as much as 1/6" (170/1000") thick - 4 times as thick as auto batteries. These are used where power is needed over a longer period of time, and are designed to be "deep cycled", or discharged down as low as 20% of full charge (80% DOD, or Depth of Discharge).ĭeep cycle batteries have much thicker plates than automotive batteries: Automotive batteries typically have plates about. These are often called traction batteries because of their widespread use in forklifts, golf carts, and floor sweepers. Any battery with the capacity shown in "cranking amps" is NOT a deep-cycle battery, and some marine batteries with MCA ratings may be a hybrid (basically a battery with thicker plates than an automotive battery, but thinner than a true deep-cycle). SLI batteries are usually rated at "CCA", or cold cranking amps, or "MCA, Marine cranking amps". These should not be discharged more than 50%. The so-called Marine deep-cycle batteries are actually a "hybrid", and fall between the SLI and deep-cycle batteries. ![]() These can be damaged quickly if deep cycled.ĭeep cycle batteries are designed to be discharged down as much as 80% time after time, and have much thicker plates. SLI batteries have many very thin plates with a large surface area, designed to be discharged no more than 1 to 5% from full charge. SLI batteries are commonly used to start and run automobiles, where a very large starting current is needed for a short time. The major construction types are flooded (wet), gelled, and AGM (absorbed glass mat).Īutomotive, or SLI (starting, lighting & ignition) The major applications are automotive, marine, and deep-cycle. Typical efficiency in a lead-acid battery is 85%, in a NiCad battery it is about 65%.īatteries are divided in two ways - by application (what they are used for) and construction (how they are built). A battery rated at 180 amp-hours over 6 hours might be rated at 220 AH at the 20-hour rate, and 260 AH at the 48-hour rate. Slower charging and discharging rates are more efficient. If you use 1000 watts from a battery, it might take 1200 watts or more to fully recharge it. Batteries are not 100% efficient - some energy is lost as heat when charging and discharging. In rechargeable batteries this process can be repeated many times. As chemicals in the battery change, electrical energy is stored or released. Batteries do not make electricity - they store it, just as a water tank stores water for future use. We stock all required sizes: 6 volt, 8 volt and 12 volt.Ī battery is an electrical storage device. They must all be capable of working all day, charging overnight and doing it again the next day – for EIGHT years. Golf Carts have similar duty cycle requirements to forklift trucks and floor scrubbers. Read below for more specific information. ![]()
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